The Seasonal Birds Geumgang Birdwatch Observatory Movement of the Seasonal Birds The Upper Part of the Estuary Bank The Lower Part of the Estuary Bank Eoeun-ri Tidal Flat Paper Corea Woods Yubudo Island Napo Crossfield   [Ruff] Philomachus pugnax (LININAEUS) Features: The color of the crown of head, back head, back, the feathers of shoulders is mazarine black. The color of the crown of head is usually same as that of back, but sometimes it has different colors. The color of breast and the side of breast is usually same as that of fore neck. The upper feathers covering tail has some horizontal spot with various colors including black, and the both sides are white. The stomach and the lower feathers covering tail are usually white, but some of the lower feathers covering tail have black spots although it is rare. The lower feathers covering wings and armpit feathers are white. The beak is orange yellow, orange, or ashy skin color, but few has rosy. The end of the beak is brown or black. The legs are reddish yellow, yellowish red, rusty, yellowish brown, or yellowish green. The female body with summer feathers is about one third as large as that of male, and the upper part of the body is black brown and has a light brown wide edge. The color under the chin is white. Most feathers of shoulders have light brown stripe. The upper part of females and males' body is ashy brown, and the lower part is white. The fore neck and the breast are light brown with a white edge, and the both side of the upper feathers covering tail are white. Mode of life: They come to reclaimed land of bay, marshland, pond, lakes and marshes, and the water's edge of inland. They are with the groups of red shank and search for food when they move in spring and fall. Call: They are heard "pi-wee-" while moving, and "gwat-gwat" in evening. Breeding place: They make a plate-shaped nest in a hole of a bush or a grassland covered with shrubs, and they spread dried grass on the place for eggs. The nest is covered with grass. Breeding time: They lay eggs from about the middle of May till late in May. The number of eggs of the same litter is 4. The color is olive brown, and it has the dark brown dappled design and gray spots on the brownish yellow, light green, and light blue ground. Only females brood over eggs for hatching for 21days. Taste: They live on Pterygota, small shellfish, Crustacea, or Annelida, but they also have the grain of rice and corn.
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